超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMW-PE）塑料以其特有的加工和使用性能已得到广泛应用。这主要是因为其几乎集中了其他工程塑料的所有优点，其中优异的抗冲击性、耐磨耗性、低温性能、自润滑性和不粘性等尤为突出，是一种综合性能优异的热塑性工程塑料。其制品应用于日用、工业、文体、交通运输、国防、机械等领域的抗冲、减振、防弹、抗疲劳、耐磨、减磨、减阻、防粘等场合。

高分子聚乙烯异形件特点：

1、耐磨性

UHMW-PE的耐磨性居塑料之冠，并超过某些金属，与其它工程塑料相比，UHMW-PE的沙浆磨耗指数仅是PA66的1/5，HEPE和PVC的1/10；与金属相比，是碳钢的1/7，黄铜的1/27。这样高的耐磨性，以致于用一般塑料磨耗实验法难以测试其耐磨程度，因而专门设计了一种沙浆磨耗测试装置。UHMW-PE耐磨性与分子量成正比，分子量越高，其耐磨性越好。

2、耐冲击性

UHMW-PE的冲击强度，在所有工程塑料中名列前茅，UHMW-PE的冲击强度约为耐冲击PC的2倍，ABS的5倍，POM和PBTP的10余倍。耐冲击性如此之高，以致于采用通常冲击试验方法难以使其断裂破坏。其冲击强度随分子量的增大而提高，在分子量为150万时达到最大值，然后随分子量的继续升高而逐渐下降。值得指出的是，它在液氮中（-195℃）也能保持优异的冲击强度，这一特性是其它塑料所没有的。此外，它在反复冲击表面硬度更高。

3、自润滑性

UHMW-PE有极低的摩擦因数（0.05～0.11），故自润滑性优异。UHMWP-E的动摩擦因数在水润滑条件下是PA66和POM的1/2，在无润滑条件下仅次于塑料中自润滑性最好的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）；当它以滑动或转动形式工作时，比钢和黄铜加润滑油后的润滑性还要好。因此，在摩擦学领域UHMW-PE被誉为成本/性能非常理想的摩擦材料。

4、耐化学药品性

UHMW-PE具有优良的耐化学药品性，除强氧化性酸液外，在一定温度和浓度范围内能耐各种腐蚀性介质（酸、碱、盐）及有机介质（荼溶剂除外）。其在20℃和80℃的80种有机溶剂中浸渍30d，外表无任何反常现象，其它物理性能也几乎没有变化。

5、冲击能吸收性

UHMW-PE具有优异的冲击能吸收性，冲击能吸收值在所有塑料中最高，因而噪声阻尼性能很好，具有优良的削音效果。

6、耐低温性

UHMW-PE具有优异的耐低温性，在液氦温度（-269℃）下仍具有延展性，因而能够用作核工业的耐低温部件。

7、卫生无毒性

UHMW-PE卫生无毒，可用于接触食品和药物。

8、不粘性

UHMW-PE表面吸附能力非常微弱，其抗粘符能力仅次于塑料中不粘性最好的PTFE，因而制品表面与其它材料不易粘符。

9、吸水性小

UHMW-PE吸水率很低；一般小于0.01%，仅为PA66的1%，因而在成型加工前一般不必干燥处理。

10、密度小

UHMWPE与其它工程塑料密度比较相对来说低。

11、拉伸强度

由于UHMW-PE具有朝拉伸取向必备的结构特征，所以有无可匹敌的超高拉伸强度，因此可通过凝胶纺丝法制得超高弹性模量和强度的纤维，其拉伸强度高达3～3.5GPa,拉伸弹性模量高达100～125GPa；纤维比强度是迄今已商品化的所有纤维中最高的，比碳纤维大4倍，比钢丝大10倍，比芳纶纤维大50%。

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PEE) plastics have been widely used for their unique processing and use properties.This is mainly because it concentrates almost all the advantages of other engineering plastics, among which the excellent impact resistance, wear resistance, low temperature performance, self-lubricity and non-viscosity are especially outstanding, so it is a kind of thermoplastic engineering plastics with excellent comprehensive properties.Its products are used in daily, industrial, sports, transportation, national defense, machinery and other fields of impact, vibration, bulletproof, fatigue, wear, wear, drag reduction, anti-stick and other occasions.

Characteristics of polymer polyethylene special-shaped parts:

1, wear resistance

The wear resistance of UHMW-PE is the highest in plastics and is higher than that of certain metals. Compared with other engineering plastics, the mortar wear index of UHMW-PE is only 1 / 5 of that of PA66 and 1 / 10 of that of PVC; compared with metals, it is 1 / 7 of carbon steel and 127 / 27 of brass.The wear resistance of UHMW-PE is so high that it is difficult to test its wear resistance by general plastic wear test method. Therefore, a kind of sand slurry wear test device is designed. The wear resistance of UHMW-PE is proportional to its molecular weight. The higher the molecular weight is, the better the wear resistance of UHMW-PE is.

2, impact resistance

The impact strength of UHMW-PE, among the best in all engineering plastics, the impact strength of UHMW-PE is about 2 times the impact of PC, 5 times ABS, POM and PBTP more than 10 times. The impact resistance was so high that the impact test method usually difficult to fracture. The impact strength increased the increase of molecular weight, the molecular weight of 1 million 500 thousand is reached the maximum value, then decreased gradually with the molecular weight continued to rise. It is worth noting that it is in liquid nitrogen (-195 C) can maintain excellent impact strength, this is no other plastic. In addition, it in and the hardness of the repeated impact surface is higher .

3, self lubrication

UHMW-PE has a very low friction coefficient (0.05 ~ 0.11), the excellent self lubrication.UHMWP-E dynamic friction coefficient is PA66 and POM 1/2 in the water lubrication condition, after plastic self-lubricating PTFE best under unlubricated condition (PTFE); when it rotates to form a sliding or. Even better lubricity than steel and brass with grease. Therefore, in the field of tribology UHMW-PE known as friction material cost / performance is very good.

4, chemical resistance

UHMW-PE has excellent chemical resistance, except strong oxidizing acid, it can resist all kinds of corrosive media (acid, alkali, salt) and organic medium (except tea solvent) in certain temperature and concentration range.It was impregnated in 80 organic solvents at 20 ℃ and 80 ℃ for 30 days without any abnormal appearance and almost no change in other physical properties.

5. Impact energy absorption

UHMW-PE has excellent impact energy absorption, the impact energy absorption value is the highest among all plastics, so the noise damping property is very good, and it has excellent sound cutting effect.

6, low temperature resistance

UHMW-PE has excellent low temperature resistance and is still extensible at liquid helium temperature (-269 ℃), so it can be used as a low temperature resistant component in nuclear industry.

7. Health non-toxic

UHMW-PE is hygienic and non-toxic and can be used to contact food and medicine.

8, non-viscous

The surface adsorption ability of UHMW-PE is very weak, and its adhesion resistance is second only to that of PTFEs, which is the best non-stickiness in plastics, so the surface of products and other materials are not easy to adhere to.

9, small water absorption

The water absorption of UHMW-PE is very low; generally less than 0.01, it is only 1 of PA66, so there is generally no need to dry before processing.

10, low density

The density of UHMWPE is relatively low compared with other engineering plastics.

Tensile strength

Because UHMW-PE has the necessary structural characteristics towards the tensile orientation, it has unmatched ultra high tensile strength, so it can be prepared by gel spinning to obtain the super elastic modulus and strength fiber.The tensile strength of the fiber is as high as 3 ~ 3.5GPaand the tensile modulus of the fiber is 100 ~ 125GPa.The specific strength of the fiber is the highest of all the fibers that have been commercialized up to now, 4 times larger than carbon fiber, 10 times larger than steel wire and 50 times larger than aramid fiber.