随着高科技的应用，在生活和工作中接触的辐射也越来越多，我们所接触的辐射主要有两大类：一、电磁辐射；二、电离辐射。对于这两种辐射的防护在基本方法上都一样，主要有以下三种：一、距离防护；二、时间防护；三、屏蔽防护。下面介绍一下三种防护方法的具体做法，以便大家参考：
      (1)时间防护
　　时间防护的原理是:在辐射场内的人员所受照射的累积剂量与时间成正比,因此,在照射率不变的情况下,缩短照射时间便可减少所接受的剂量,或者人们在限定的时间内工作,就可能使他们所受到的射线剂量在最高允许剂量以下,确保人身安全(仅在非常情况下采用此法),从而达到防护目的.时间防护的要点是尽量减少人体与射线的接触时间(缩短人体受照射的时间).
　　(2)距离防护
　　距离防护是外部辐射防护的一种有效方法,采用距离防护的射线基本原理是首先将辐射源是作为点源的情况下,辐射场中某点的照射量、吸收剂量均与该点和源的距离的平方成反比,我们把这种规律称为平方反比定律,即辐射强度随距离的平方成反比变化(在源辐射强度一定的情况下,剂量率或照射量与离源的距离平方成反比).增加射线源与人体之间的距离便可减少剂量率或照射量,或者说在一定距离以外工作,使人们所受到的射线剂量在最高允许剂量以下,就能保证人身安全.从而达到防护目的.   距离防护的要点是尽量增大人体与射线源的距离.
　　(3)屏蔽防护
　　屏蔽防护的原理是:射线包括穿透物质时强度会减弱,一定厚度的屏蔽物质能减弱射线的强度,在辐射源与人体之间设置足够厚的屏蔽物(屏蔽材料),便可降低辐射水平,使人们在工作所受到的剂量降低最高允许剂量以下,确保人身安全,达到防护目的.

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　　Lead glass is mostly used in the radiology department of hospitals to protect against radiation. For hospitals, the advent of medical lead glass is particularly important. Therefore, in ordinary times, often to lead glass cleaning, because with ordinary glass is not the same, so in cleaning can not be cleaned according to the general method of cleaning glass. Following the lead glass manufacturers to introduce the lead glass cleaning matters needing attention:

　　铅玻璃的清洗一般都会使用强酸氧化剂洗液.强酸氧化剂洗液是用重铬酸甲和浓硫酸配成.K2Cr2O7在酸性溶液中,有很强的氧化能力,对玻璃仪器又及少有侵蚀作用.所以这种洗液在铅玻璃的清洁中使用比较广泛.这类洗液在使用时要切实注意不能溅到身上,以防"烧"破衣服和损伤皮肤.洗液倒入要洗的仪器中,应使仪器周壁全浸洗后稍停一会再倒回洗液瓶.第一次用少量水冲洗刚浸洗过的仪器后,废水不要倒在水池里和下水道里,长久会腐蚀水池和下水道,应倒在废液缸中,集中处理.

　　The cleaning lead glass will generally use strong oxidant lotion. Acid oxidant lotion is with potassium dichromate and concentrated sulfuric acid with.K2Cr2O7 in acidic solution, has strong oxidation ability, less corrosion of the glass instrument again. So this kind of lotion in the lead glass cleaning is widely used. This kind of the lotion is in use to pay attention not to splash on, to prevent the "burn" rags and damage the skin. Wash lotion in the instrument, the instrument should be Biquan week after a pause for a while and then fell back washing lotion bottle. For the first time with a small amount of water washing equipment just after washing wastewater, do not pour in the pool and in the sewers, water and sewer corrosion will for a long time, should be poured in the waste water tank, centralized treatment.

　　在清洗铅玻璃时还可能用到碱性洗液.碱性洗液用于洗涤有油污物的铅玻璃,从碱洗液中捞取铅玻璃时,要戴乳胶手套,以免烧伤皮肤.In the cleaning of lead glass may also use alkaline lotion. The alkaline lotion used for washing the lead glass oil dirt, from their lead glass alkali solution, to wear latex gloves, so as not to burn the skin.